Why do we use the commercial LPG 45 Kg cylinder system?
Figure 01: Typical 45kg LPG cylinders system
In cylinders and cartridges, LPG is contained under high pressure in liquid phase for easy to store and transport. While in almost cases, LPG is used as fuel in vapor phase. In order for an LPG appliance to work, liquid must absorb the ambient heat via wetted surface area of cylinders (areas on cylinders those liquid LPG contact with) to turn into vapor phase; this process is named as vaporization. When the LPG cylinders are full, the wetted surface area is large, vaporization capacity is high, amount of LPG vapor supply to burners is high and vice versa.
Figure 02: When LPG in cylinders is running out, the ambient heat supplement is low
Vaporization capacity is low, LPG cylinders can’t vaporize fast enough to satisfy the burners.
When the total consumption of burners is lower or equal to vaporization capacity, LPG cylinders can vaporize fast enough to satisfy the burners. When the total consumption of burners is higher than vaporization capacity or wetted surface is so small (consumption increased), the ambient heat supplement is not enough for turning LPG into vapor for using, LPG will be sweated or even snowed => the system is overloaded, LPG system can’t supply enough vapor, the appliances will not operate properly or will not operate at all.
Figure 03: LPG cylinder is snowed due to overloaded.
To increase the vaporization capacity, the 45kg LPG cylinders are connected to a manifold. The number of cylinders that need to be connected to manifold to satisfy the vaporization rate is calculated based on following factors:
a. Total consumption of appliances: When investigate at site, T&T’s staffs under guidance of Shell gas’ staffs will calculate the total consumption of burners and then calculate the required vaporization capacity and choose the size of LPG system that suitable to each customer.
b. Type of storage: Based on the layout plan of customer’s premises, T&T’s staffs under guidance of Shell gas’ staffs will choose the suitable type of LPG storage. Whichever type of storage is chosen, the total quantity of LPG in cylinders must not exceed 700kg (or 14 cylinders of 45kg type) to the indoor storage and if that is outdoor storage, this quantity must be 1000kg (or 22 cylinders of 45kg type) or less; this has been defined in Standard TCVN 7441:2004.
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